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The treatment of mental and emotional
disorders through the use of psychological techniques designed to
encourage communication of conflicts and insight into problems, with the
goal being relief of symptoms, changes in behavior leading to improved
social and vocational functioning, and personality growth.
- The American Heritage Dictionary of the
English Language
Most forms of psychotherapy use only spoken
conversation, though some also use various other forms of communication
such as the written word, artwork, drama, narrative story, or therapeutic
touch. Psychotherapy occurs within a structured encounter between a
trained therapist and client(s). Purposeful, theoretically based
psychotherapy began in the 19th century with psychoanalysis; since then,
scores of other approaches have been developed and continue to be created.
Benefits of psychotherapy:
The generally accepted aims of psychotherapy
are:
• Increased insight or improved understanding
of one's own mental state. This can range from simply knowing one's
strengths and weaknesses to understanding that symptoms are signs of a
mental illness and to deep awareness and acceptance of inner feelings.
• The resolution of disabling conflicts, or
working to create a peaceful and positive settlement of emotional
struggles that stop a person from living a reasonably happy and productive
life.
• Increasing acceptance of self by developing
a more realistic and positive appraisal of the person's strengths and
abilities.
• Development of improved and more efficient
and successful means of dealing with problems so that the patient can find
solutions or means of coping with them.
• An overall strengthening of ego structure,
or sense of self, so that normal, healthy means of coping with life
situations can be called upon and used as needed.
Counseling psychology
Counseling psychology as a psychological
specialty facilitates personal and interpersonal functioning across the
life span with a focus on emotional, social, vocational, educational,
health-related, developmental, and organizational concerns. Through the
integration of theory, research, and practice, and with a sensitivity to
multicultural issues, this specialty encompasses a broad range of
practices that help people improve their well-being, alleviate distress
and maladjustment, resolve crises, and increase their ability to live more
highly functioning lives.
Group Therapy
Group therapy is a form of psychosocial
treatment where a small group of patients meet regularly to talk,
interact, and discuss problems with each other and the group leader
(therapist).
Body Psychotherapy (also known as
Body-Oriented Psychotherapy, Somatic Psychology) is a branch of
Psychotherapy with roots in the pre-Freudian work of Pierre Janet. It
addresses itself to both body and mind, and emphasizes the relationship
between the two.
Child psychotherapy
There are several different techniques to
approach the psychoanalytic treatment of children. If children are at a
very young age an adapted psychoanalytic technique maybe necessary. In
some cases parent-infant psychotherapy is a possibility. Two techniques
will be discussed: Parent-Infant Psychotherapy and Mentaliseren
Bevorderende Kinder Therapie (MBKT). Parent-Infant Psychotherapy addresses
problems with normal bonding between parent and child. MBKT addresses
problems with an infant’s ability to distinguish reality and fantasy.
Positive psychotherapy
is a
psychodynamic method of psychotherapy founded by Dr. Nossrat Peseschkian
in the early 1970s in Germany. It is based on a humanistic conception of
man, and has an integral and holistic approach.
Though there are no definitive studies
proving that all five of these goals are consistently realized,
psychotherapy in one form or other is a component of nearly all of both
in-patient and community based psychiatric treatment programs.
This list contains some approaches that
may not call themselves a psychotherapy but have a similar aim, of
improving mental health and well being through talk and other means of
communication.
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• Acceptance and
Commitment Therapy
• Adlerian therapy
• Analytical psychology
• Art Therapy
• Attack therapy
• Autogenic training
• Behavior therapy
• Biodynamic
psychotherapy
• Bioenergetic analysis
• Bionomic psychotherapy
• Body Mind Psychotherapy
• Body psychotherapy
• Brief therapy
• Classical Adlerian
Psychotherapy
• Client-centered
psychotherapy/counselling
• Characteranalytic
vegetotherapy
• Co-Counselling
• Cognitive analytic
psychotherapy
• Cognitive behavioural
psychotherapy
• Coherence therapy
• Concentrative movement
therapy
• Contemplative
Psychotherapy
• Conversational Model
(The)
• Core Energetics
• Core process
psychotherapy
• Daseins analytic
psychotherapy
• Dance therapy
• Depth Psychology
• Developmental Needs
Meeting Strategy (DNMS)
• Dialectical behavior
therapy
• Dreamwork
• Drama therapy
• Dyadic Developmental
Psychotherapy (DDP)
• Emotional Freedom
Techniques (EFT)
• Encounter groups
• Eye Movement
Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR)
• Existential therapy
• Experiential Dynamic
Psychotherapy
• Expressive therapy
• Family Constellations
• Family therapy
• Feminist therapy
• Focusing
• Freudian psychotherapy
• Gestalt therapy
• Gestalt Theoretical
Psychotherapy
• Group Analysis
• Group therapy
• Hakomi
• Holistic psychotherapy
• Holotropic Breathwork
• Humanistic psychology
• Human givens
psychotherapy
• Hypnotherapy
• IBP Integrative Body
Psychotherapy
• Integrative
Psychotherapy
• Intensive short-term
dynamic psychotherapy
• Internal Family Systems
Model
• Interpersonal therapy
• Jungian psychotherapy
• Lifespan Integration
• Logotherapy
• Marriage counseling
• Mindfulness-based
Cognitive Behaviour
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• Method of Levels (MOL)
• Morita Therapy
• The Moving Cycle
• Multicultural
Counseling and Therapy (MCT)
• Multimodal Therapy
• Music therapy
• Narrative Therapy
• Neuro Emotional
Technique (NET)
• Neuro-linguistic
programming (NLP)
• Nonviolent
Communication
• Object relations theory
• Orgonomy
• Pastoral counselling/therapy
• Personal construct
psychology (PCP)
• Pesso Boyden System
Psychomotor (PBSP)
• Play therapy
• Positive Psychology
• Positive psychotherapy
• Postural Integration
• Primal integration
• Primal therapy
• Process Oriented
Psychology
• Provocative Therapy
• Psychedelic
psychotherapy
• Psychoanaltic
psychotherapy
• Psychoanalysis
• Psychodrama
• Psychodynamic
psychotherapy
• Psychological astrology
• Psycho-organic analysis
• Psychosynthesis
• Psychosystems Analysis
• Pulsing (bodywork)
• Radix therapy
• Rational emotive
behavior therapy (REBT)
• Rational Living Therapy
(RLT)
• Rebirthing-Breathwork
• Re-evaluation
Counseling
• Relational-Cultural
Therapy
• Relationship counseling
• Reprogramming
• Reality therapy
• Reichian psychotherapy
• Person-centred (or
Rogerian) psychotherapy
• Rolfing
• Rubenfeld Synergy
• Sensorimotor
Psychotherapy
• Social Therapy
• Solution focused brief
therapy
• Somatic Psychology
• Sophia analysis
• Self Relationship (or
Sponsorship)
• Systematic
desensitization
• Systemic Constellations
• Systemic Therapy
• SHEN Therapy
• T Groups
• Thought Field Therapy
• Transactional Analysis
(TA)
• Transactional
Psychotherapy (TP)
• Transpersonal
psychology
• Twelve-step programs
• Unitive Psychotherapy
• Vegetotherapy
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